Which glands are formed from the ectoderm layer?

The glands formed from the ectoderm layer include mammary glands and sweat glands, which is why this choice is correct. The ectoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in early embryonic development, and it gives rise to structures that are primarily involved in the outer layer of the body, such as skin and associated glands.

Mammary glands are derived from the ectoderm and are responsible for milk production in mammals, while sweat glands also originate from this layer and are crucial for temperature regulation and excretion of waste through perspiration. Both types of glands exemplify the role of the ectoderm in forming important components of the integumentary system.

The other options presented refer to glands formed from different germ layers. The liver and pancreas are derived from the endoderm, while the thyroid and adrenal glands mainly stem from the mesoderm and endoderm. The adrenal medulla has a dual origin, but it's essential to note that the spleen is also derived from mesoderm. Therefore, the focus on mammary and sweat glands aligning with ectodermal development solidifies the accuracy of this answer.