What does the Miller-Urey Experiment demonstrate?

The Miller-Urey Experiment is significant because it provides evidence supporting the idea that organic molecules can be synthesized from non-living (abiotic) components, simulating the conditions of early Earth. In this experiment, a mixture of water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen was subjected to electric sparks to mimic lightning. The result was the formation of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins, suggesting that the complex organic compounds necessary for life could arise from simpler inorganic substances under prebiotic conditions.

This finding is pivotal in the field of abiogenesis, as it lays the groundwork for understanding how life might have originated on Earth, setting the stage for further exploration into the evolution and development of life from these fundamental organic molecules. The other options focus on broader concepts of evolution, adaptation, and climate change, which, while relevant to the discourse on life's development, are not specifically demonstrated by the Miller-Urey Experiment itself.