What does divergent evolution involve?

Divergent evolution refers to the process where species evolve separately from a common ancestor, leading to the development of distinct traits and characteristics over time. This occurs when populations of the same species accumulate differences, often due to varying environmental pressures and natural selection in different habitats. As these populations adapt to their unique environments, they diverge from each other, resulting in various species with unique adaptations.

In this context, the correct choice highlights the importance of a shared ancestry in the evolutionary process. As these species branch out from their common ancestor, they can develop specific features that are advantageous for survival in their respective environments, ultimately leading to diversification within a lineage. This concept contrasts sharply with other evolutionary processes, such as convergent evolution, where unrelated species develop similar traits due to comparable environmental challenges.