What does "biotic potential" refer to?

Biotic potential refers to the maximum reproductive capacity of an organism under optimal environmental conditions. This concept highlights the ability of a species to reproduce at the highest possible rate while experiencing the lowest possible death rate. It is a theoretical measure that assumes ideal circumstances such as plenty of food, no predation, and a lack of disease, enabling the species to reach its full reproductive output.

In a biological context, this concept is crucial because it helps to understand the growth dynamics of populations in natural settings. When considering how species grow and interact within ecosystems, understanding individual reproductive capabilities and survival rates is essential.

The other options touch on different ecological concepts. While the maximum population an ecosystem can support is related to carrying capacity, it does not directly define biotic potential. The number of species in a habitat pertains to biodiversity, and the effect of resources on population growth relates more to environmental resistance than to the inherent reproductive capabilities of a species.